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Hi, I'm Tott.

One day in training, when I learned about flip-flops, the words synchronous counter and asynchronous counter came up.

"Synchronous? Asynchronous? What is the difference? ’ I was confused.
Also, my seniors taught me that "asynchronous circuits are not suitable for FPGA design", so I compared synchronous counters and asynchronous counters.

そもそも '同期式'、'非同期式' って何?

Synchronous and asynchronous are clock control methods.
• Synchronous: Registers must operate with the same clock.
• Asynchronous method: registers operate on different clocks

Circuit diagram of synchronous counter and asynchronous counter

The synchronous counter in Figure 1 has three registers connected to the same clock (red arrows).

Figure 1. Synchronous counter

The asynchronous counter in Figure 2 has the output of each register connected to the clock (yellow arrow).

Figure 2. Asynchronous counter

Synchronous counter, asynchronous counter output

Figure 3 shows the register output of the synchronous counter and Figure 4 shows the register output of the asynchronous counter.

Figure 3. Three Register Outputs in a Synchronous Counter
Figure 4. Three Register Outputs in an Asynchronous Counter

• Synchronous counter: All bits change at the same timing
• Asynchronous counter: Data change point is different timing for each bit

Why don't all bits of the aperiodic counter change at the same timing?

Continuing with theory...

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