Protect your USB Type-C pins! VBUS short circuit protection + ESD protection device TPDxS300 series

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Optimal protection device for trouble prevention of final products

The other day, in an article titled "Three design points to prevent problems with USB Type-C connectors," we recommended a product with VBUS short-circuit protection and ESD protection as one of the protection devices that can prevent these three problems together. Did.

This time, we will introduce a device called the TPDxS300 series from Texas Instruments (hereafter TI), which has this function and protects equipment by insulating the system inside and between connectors by performing overvoltage protection.

Need to protect pins

One of the failure modes peculiar to USB Type-C connectors/receptacles is the possibility of pin-to-pin contact due to the small size (the pin pitches are arranged close to each other).

As you can see from the figure below, the number of pins has increased to 24, despite being much smaller than USB Type-A.

Article header library 129461 pic01 1 — USB Type-C connector size and pinout

Examples of failures

For example, the CC pin and SBU pin located next to the VBUS pin that supports Power Delivery and supports up to 20V may be twisted or misaligned horizontally when inserting or removing a Type-C cable/device, or may be exposed to moisture or metal fragments. can cause a short to the VBUS pin.

That's why you need a device to protect.

Lineup of USB Type-C protection devices

The following three types of “VBUS short-circuit protection + ESD protection” devices are available according to the application. You can choose from three types of devices depending on whether or not the D+/D- are ESD protected (the number of channels required) and whether or not the SBU1/SBU2 pins are used.

VBUS short circuit protection + ESD protection device lineup
	TPD8S300A	TPD6S300A	TPD2S300
Short circuit protection between CC1/CC2-VBUS (20V)	○	○	○
IEC ESD protection for CC1/CC2	○	○	○
Short circuit protection between SBU1/SBU2 and VBUS (20V)	○	○	-
IEC ESD protection for SBU1/SBU2	○	○	-
IEC ESD protection on D+/D-	4ch	2ch	-
VCONN current (*1)	600mA	600mA	200mA
Power supply voltage (V)	2.7-3.6	2.7-4.5	2.7-4.5
Package (mm x mm)	QFN (3.0x3.0)	QFN (3.0x3.0)	CSP (1.4x1.4)

(*1) Indicates the current value that CC1 and CC2 overvoltage protection FETs can flow for VCONN power.

Ready-to-use evaluation board TPD8S300EVM

We have prepared evaluation boards for each of the three devices introduced in the lineup, but we will introduce the TPD8S300 evaluation board "TPD8S300EVM" as a representative.

Article header library 129461 pic02 1 — TPD8S300EVM

The TPD8S300EVM has a pass-through configuration with Type-C male/female connectors on both ends. This configuration allows evaluation of the TPD8S300's overvoltage and ESD protection features without disturbing the operation of the system's USB ports.

Click here for details of the TPD8S300EVM

protection effect

The waveform below is the CC pin waveform (CH1) on the system side when the CC pin (CH1) on the connector side is actually shorted to 24V VBUS using the TPD8S300EVM. It can be seen that after the short circuit, the CC pin on the system side is clamped at 7.5V (MAX) and isolated/protected within 60ns after the short circuit.

Article header library 129461 pic03 1 — Source: Texas Instruments - User Guide "TPD8S300 Evaluation Module"

The TPD8S300EVM also provides four test points for evaluating ESD on each CC pin and SBU pin.

Article header library 129461 pic04 1 — TPD8S300EVM

Please refer to the following application notes for ESD test methods.
IEC 61000-4-x Tests for TI's Protection Devices

USB Type-C protection device installation example

Finally, here is an example of a protection product placed on the USB Type-C (USB3.1 Gen2) connector.
Centering on the TPDxS300 introduced this time, TI provides a total solution for protecting USB Type-C devices.