Ideal diode solution that enhances the safety of automotive ECUs and solves heat and space problems

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What is an ideal diode

The ideal diode is a control circuit that controls the gate voltage of the Nch MOSFET and operates the Nch MOSFET like an ultra-low forward voltage diode.

An ideal diode controller controls the gate voltage of the MOSFET and energizes from Drain to Source.

Key Circuit Blocks of an Ideal Diode Controller

The main circuit blocks of the ideal diode controller consist of:

1. Charge Pump: Boost power supply for Nch MOSFET gate voltage generation

In order to drive the Nch MOSFET on the high side, the gate voltage of the Nch MOSFET needs to be about 5V higher than the input voltage, and the boost charge pump generates a voltage 11.5V higher than the input terminal voltage.

2. Hysteric Gate Driver: Nch MOSFET gate driver

The gate voltage of the Nch MOSFET is controlled so that the potential difference between the IN terminal and the OUT terminal (potential drop between the Drain and Source of the Nch MOSFET) is less than several tens of millivolts.

3. Reverse Current Comparator : Reverse current detection comparator

When the IN pin voltage becomes lower than the OUT pin voltage by 30mV or more, the built-in Nch MOSFET reduces the gate voltage to the source voltage and stops the reverse current of the Nch MOSFET.

Benefits of Ideal Diodes: Simplify Heat Dissipation Mechanisms and Improve Power Loss

The ideal diode reduces the 7.0W loss due to the forward voltage drop of the power diode to 0.5W, and simplifies the heat dissipation mechanism. Power loss improves to 0.5% overall.

Lineup of ideal diodes

Analog Devices offers a wide range of products to meet various needs.

model number	LTC4372/4373	LTC4376	LTC4364	LTC4368	LTC4363	LT8672
feature	Low power consumption	7A MOSFET Built-in	high voltage surge stopper	Bidirectional overcurrent protection Circuit breaker	With limited power supply high voltage surge stopper	switching power supply type
surge stop	-	-	○	-	○	-
Reverse connection protection	○	○	○	○	-	○
Overcurrent protection	-	-	○	○	○	-
Reverse current protection	○	○	○	○	-	○
Current consumption	5uA	150uA	370uA	30uA	700uA	20uA
Operating voltage	2.5V～80V	4V～40V	4V～80V	2.5V～60V	4V～80V	3V～42V
Allowable voltage	-28V～100V	-40V～80V	-40V～100V	-40V～100V	-60V～100V	-40V～42V

Low Supply Current Ideal Diode Controller LTC4372/4373

The LTC4372/LTC4373 are ideal diode controllers with low quiescent current of 5uA operating and 0.5uA shutdown, a wide supply voltage range of 2.5V to 80V, and a small 8-pin MOP or DFN (3mm x 3mm) package.

Learn more about the LTC4372/LTC4373 and watch the video about the evaluation board campaign.

Key features of the LTC4372/LTC4373 are:

◼ Reducing power loss by replacing power diodes
◼ Low quiescent current: 5uA (operating), 0.5uA (shutdown)
◼ Wide operating voltage range: 2.5V to 80V
◼ Reverse Supply Protection to –28V
◼ Driving high-side external N-channel MOSFET
◼ Inrush current can be controlled by connecting back-to-back MOSFETs
◼ Fast reverse current turn-off within 1.5 μs
◼ 8-pin MSOP and 3mm × 3mm DFN packages

The LTC4372 has an internal 2uA pull-up current source to avoid using high resistors. Consider the LTC4372 if the on/off circuit requires a pull-up circuit.